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（一）電動洗胃機的結構 電動洗胃機的外部結構，由胃管接口、進液接口、排污口接口、指示燈、按鍵及兩個負壓(ya)瓶組成。 

（二）全自動洗胃機的結構

洗胃機的外形結構，全自動洗胃機由四(si)個接口(kou)和顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)表盤(pan)組成。四(si)個接口(kou)分別為進胃(wei)接口(kou)、出胃(wei)接口(kou)、污水(shui)管接口(kou)和清(qing)水(shui)管接口(kou)。表盤(pan)上(shang)的(de)顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)有壓力顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)（顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi) 洗(xi)胃(wei)過程(cheng)中的(de)高壓和低(di)壓壓力值）、清(qing)洗(xi)次(ci)數清(qing)零按鈕、啟動／停(ting)止按鈕、洗(xi)胃(wei)次(ci)數顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)。洗(xi)胃(wei)機的(de)后部還(huan)設(she)有電源開關、保險絲盒和電源插座。

全自動洗胃(wei)機的內部(bu)(bu)結構，由氣(qi)路部(bu)(bu)分、液路部(bu)(bu)分和電路控(kong)制部(bu)(bu)分三(san)部(bu)(bu)分 組成。

1.氣路(lu)(lu)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)氣路(lu)(lu)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)是南(nan)氣泵、電磁(ci)閥、氣壓(ya)傳感器(qi)和工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)腔(qiang)3組成。工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)腔(qiang)3是 由二個硅膠彈(dan)力(li)(li)囊及圓柱形塑料筒(tong)組成的密閉(bi)容器(qi)，工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)腔(qiang)3又被(bei)中間有孔(kong)的彈(dan)力(li)(li)硅膠膜(mo)(mo)分(fen)(fen)(fen)成左(zuo)右兩部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)。中間有孔(kong)的硅膠膜(mo)(mo)被(bei)同定在圓柱形握料筒(tong)上，左(zuo)右不能移(yi)動。

2．液(ye)(ye)路(lu)部分(fen)液(ye)(ye)路(lu)部分(fen)是(shi)由帶有單向(xiang)閥的四(si)個管路(lu)（進液(ye)(ye)管、進胃管、出(chu)胃管、排污(wu)管） 和(he)工(gong)作腔l及工(gong)作臟2組成。

3.電路控(kong)(kong)制部分電路控(kong)(kong)制部分是由控(kong)(kong)制板擰制的屏幕顯(xian)示、氣(qi)泵、氣(qi)體壓力傳感(gan)器(qi)電磁換向闊(kuo)及電磁閥2組成。 

4.洗胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)的外(wai)(wai)形胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)的外(wai)(wai)形是(shi)中(zhong)雙層(ceng)腔組(zu)成，進液(ye)(ye)與出(chu)液(ye)(ye)有各白獨證的通路(lu)。接洗胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)機的進胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)口的胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)在胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)中(zhong)處于外(wai)(wai)腔，洗胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)藥液(ye)(ye)或清水(shui)從胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)下(xia)端四(si)周的小孔(kong)中(zhong)向(xiang)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)壁噴射．沖刷胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)壁；而出(chu)液(ye)(ye)口接胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)的內腔，出(chu)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)的下(xia)端小孔(kong)中(zhong)被吸人到洗胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)機中(zhong)排出(chu)。

5.單(dan)向閥(fa) 簡單(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)單(dan)向閥(fa)結(jie)構是(shi)由三片塑料(liao)膜(mo)黏(nian)合(he) 而成的(de)(de)(de)(de)，臟內(nei)(nei)膜(mo)是(shi)在口(kou)(kou)腔內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，外膜(mo)是(shi)在洗胃機的(de)(de)(de)(de)外面(mian)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)膜(mo)起(qi)(qi)到；圖74胃管示意圖 向閥(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用。當(dang)處于平衡狀態時(shi)(shi)，起(qi)(qi)單(dan)向閥(fa)作用的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)膜(mo)處于內(nei)(nei)外膜(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)平衡位置。當(dang)吸液(ye)時(shi)(shi)，在壓力的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用下，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)膜(mo)向腔內(nei)(nei)膜(mo)吸合(he)，關閉(bi)排液(ye)口(kou)(kou)，使(shi)排液(ye)口(kou)(kou)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)體不能被吸到 工作腔內(nei)(nei)。同樣，當(dang)排液(ye)時(shi)(shi)．在腔內(nei)(nei)液(ye)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓力作用下，起(qi)(qi)單(dan)同閥(fa)作用的(de)(de)(de)(de)巾問膜(mo)同外膜(mo)壓合(he)，關閉(bi)吸液(ye)口(kou)(kou)，使(shi)工作腔內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)體從排液(ye)口(kou)(kou)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)排出(chu)。

二、洗(xi)胃機的工作原理

l.電(dian)動(dong)洗(xi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)機工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)原理采用電(dian)磁泵作(zuo)(zuo)為沖(chong)被和(he)(he)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)的(de)動(dong)力源。通過(guo)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)路控(kong)(kong)(kong) 制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)沖(chong)泵、沖(chong)閥(fa)和(he)(he)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)泵、吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)陋以完(wan)成沖(chong)、吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)洗(xi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)兩個(ge)過(guo)翟(zhai)。按(an)吲(yin)7- 6所示接通電(dian)源。按(an)“手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)沖(chong)”開(kai)關(guan)．洗(xi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)機在(zai)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)(ban)的(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下．“沖(chong)閥(fa)”開(kai)“沖(chong)泵”工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，洗(xi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)機從(cong)藥水(shui)桶(tong)中(zhong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)人(ren)(ren)藥液(ye)(ye)排(pai)人(ren)(ren)到(dao)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)管中(zhong)，通過(guo)洗(xi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)符進(jin)入(ru)患(huan)者(zhe)的(de)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)嘬(zuo)。其中(zhong)排(pai)八(ba)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)與從(cong)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)出的(de)壓(ya)力由(you)壓(ya)力 傳感器控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，防止(zhi)壓(ya)力過(guo)高(gao)或過(guo)低損傷患(huan)者(zhe)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)壁黏膜。當按(an)“手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)”開(kai)關(guan)時(shi)，洗(xi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)機在(zai)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)(ban)的(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下．“沖(chong)閥(fa)”關(guan)閉．“沖(chong)泵”停止(zhi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)．“吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)閥(fa)”開(kai),“吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)泵”開(kai)始工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，洗(xi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)機從(cong)患(huan)者(zhe) 胃(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)出胃(wei)(wei)(wei)液(ye)(ye)排(pai)入(ru)一級(ji)過(guo)濾(lv)瓶中(zhong)過(guo)濾(lv)，再進(jin)入(ru)二級(ji)過(guo)濾(lv)瓶中(zhong)過(guo)濾(lv)，然后排(pai)人(ren)(ren)到(dao)污水(shui)桶(tong)中(zhong)。 “手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)沖(chong)”與“手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)”的(de)沖(chong)人(ren)(ren)與排(pai)H{的(de)液(ye)(ye)體量(liang)由(you)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。按(an)“自動(dong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”按(an)鍵時(shi)，機器將(jiang)在(zai)設定的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)量(liang)與排(pai)液(ye)(ye)量(liang)下交替進(jin)行“吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)”與‘沖(chong)”的(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。不斷地將(jiang)藥液(ye)(ye)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)人(ren)(ren)患(huan)者(zhe)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)并(bing)從(cong)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong) 排(pai)出到(dao)污水(shui)桶(tong)中(zhong)。

2.全自(zi)動(dong)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)胃機工作(zuo)原理全自(zi)動(dong)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)胃機的動(dong)力是由氣泵(beng)產生的氣體(ti)，提供(gong)正壓和負 壓，由氣體(ti)的正負壓力來完成向胃內注水與吸水的洗(xi)(xi)(xi)胃過程。

（1）氣(qi)(qi)泵吸(xi)氣(qi)(qi)：氣(qi)(qi)體通(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)磁換向閥(fa)，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)氣(qi)(qi)體壓力(li)(li)(li)(li)傳感器，從密閉(bi)的(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)腔(qiang)(qiang)3中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)被吸(xi) 人(ren)氣(qi)(qi)泵，排到空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)去。工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)腔(qiang)(qiang)3中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)握力(li)(li)(li)(li)降低由于(yu)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)腔(qiang)(qiang)3的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間硅膠隔(ge)膜(mo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間有(you)孔，這(zhe)樣使(shi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)腔(qiang)(qiang)3中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)壓力(li)(li)(li)(li)均勻相等。 在氣(qi)(qi)泵及外部大(da)(da)(da)氣(qi)(qi)壓的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)下使(shi)工(gong)(gong)腔(qiang)(qiang)3兩端的(de)(de)(de)硅膠囊被吸(xi)向中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間隔(ge)膜(mo)。使(shi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)腔(qiang)(qiang)1及上(shang)(shang)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)腔(qiang)(qiang)2逐漸變(bian)大(da)(da)(da)。在工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)腔(qiang)(qiang)1中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，腔(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)體積由小(xiao)變(bian)大(da)(da)(da)，腔(qiang)(qiang)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)壓力(li)(li)(li)(li)逐漸中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)變(bian)小(xiao)，這(zhe)樣 在大(da)(da)(da)氣(qi)(qi)壓力(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)下．藥桶(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)藥液(ye)（或清(qing)水）經(jing)管路被吸(xi)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)腔(qiang)(qiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。 在工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)腔(qiang)(qiang)2小(xiao)，胃(wei)液(ye)經(jing)南出胃(wei)管被吸(xi)人(ren)到工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)臟2中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，由于(yu)單向閥(fa)3的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)（單向閥(fa)3存(cun) 工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)腔(qiang)(qiang)2吸(xi)入(ru)時關閉(bi)）污(wu)水柵中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)污(wu)水不(bu)能(neng)被吸(xi)人(ren)劍工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)腔(qiang)(qiang)2小(xiao)。工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)腔(qiang)(qiang)3 中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)體不(bu)斷地 被吸(xi)出，壓力(li)(li)(li)(li)越(yue)來越(yue)小(xiao)，當(dang)壓力(li)(li)(li)(li)達到某一限定(ding)負(fu)壓值時（此限定(ding)負(fu)壓值也是(shi)從胃(wei)巾(jin)吸(xi)出胃(wei)液(ye)的(de)(de)(de)握力(li)(li)(li)(li)值），電(dian)磁換向閥(fa)在氣(qi)(qi)體壓力(li)(li)(li)(li)傳感器的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)崩下動作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)換向。這(zhe)時氣(qi)(qi)泵將進行下一個工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)。

(2)氣(qi)泵排出(chu)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)：排出(chu)的(de)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)通過(guo)(guo)(guo)電磁換向閥(fa)及氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)壓力(li)(li)傳感器(qi)向工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)腔3充氣(qi)，使(shi)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)腔3巾的(de)壓力(li)(li)升高，同時電磁閥(fa)2打開。在壓力(li)(li)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)下工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)腔1中(zhong)被吸(xi)人的(de)藥(yao)(yao)液或清水通過(guo)(guo)(guo)進(jin)胃(wei)管，經(jing)過(guo)(guo)(guo)電磁閥(fa)2，排人到患(huan)者的(de)胃(wei)中(zhong)，出(chu)于單向閥(fa)l的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)使(shi)的(de)藥(yao)(yao)液或清水小能回(hui)流到藥(yao)(yao)桶(tong)中(zhong)。在工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)腔2中(zhong)．被吸(xi)入的(de)胃(wei)液，在壓力(li)(li)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)上(shang)，通過(guo)(guo)(guo)排污管排到污水 桶(tong)中(zhong)，同樣(yang)由于單向閥(fa)2的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)使(shi)胃(wei)液不能回(hui)流到患(huan)者胃(wei)中(zhong)。

(3)通(tong)過以上(1)、(2)兩個過程，洗(xi)肖機完成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)次洗(xi)胃工作(zuo)，計數器記錄一(yi)(yi)次。

(4)防堵(du)(du)(du)與自動沖(chong)洗；在洗胃的(de)(de)(de)過程中(zhong)，如果有堵(du)(du)(du)塞(sai)的(de)(de)(de)情況出現，工作(zuo)腔3中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)力值 必定要達到高(gao)壓(ya)或低眶的(de)(de)(de)上下限值．這時在氣體傳感器的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用下，電磁閥換向，洗胃機將(jiang)反沖(chong)，使(shi)堵(du)(du)(du)塞(sai)的(de)(de)(de)部分(fen)沖(chong)開．這樣達到了防堵(du)(du)(du)塞(sai)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)。